Effectiveness of
Guided Imagery on Burnout Syndrome among Staff Nurses Working in Dhiraj General Hospital at Piparia,
Vadodara
Daxesh K. Patel1,
Mr. Suresh V2
1Student, Sumandeep Nursing
College, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth,
Piparia, Vadodara-391760, Gujarat, India.
2Associate Professor, Sumandeep
Nursing College, Vidyapeeth, Piparia,
Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
*Corresponding Author’s Email: pateldaxesh5@gmail.com,
vss_ssh@yahoo.co.in
ABSTRACT:
Background: The term "burnout" is related to
a situation arising increasingly more often among the professionals performing
their duties by way of a long-term, direct, people-to-people relationship,
which includes all healthcare professionals. This study is Aims and Objective: 1]
To determine the level of burnout syndrome among staff nurses in dhiraj general hospital.2] To assess the effectiveness of guided imagery on burnout
syndrome among staff nurses in dhiraj general
hospital.3] To find out
association between the level of burnout syndrome with the selected demographic
variables. Material and Method: Pre experimental one group pre-test –
post-test research design, and non-probability purposive sampling technique was
adopted to achieve the goal of the study. The tool consists of two parts. First
part consist demographic data of the sample and second part consist of
standardized tool maslach burnout inventory. The
sample was 60 staff nurses working in dhiraj general
hospital at piparia, Vadodara.
Results: The data
was collected by using maslach burnout syndrome.
Descriptive and inferential statistics was used for analysis. Result revealed
that In the pre-test mean score and SD was 77.88 + 15.15 and post-test
means score and SD was 66.30 + 9.09.WhilePaired mean difference score was 11.58. The post-test level of burnout mean score is significantly
lower than the pre-test level of burnout mean score. The ‘t’ calculated value 9.97 is more than
tabulated value 3.4632 at P< 0.001
level of significance. Conclusion: The ‘t’ test was
computed between pre-test and post-test score indicate that the mean post-test
burnout score is significantly lower than the mean pre-test burnout score among
staff nurses exposed to guided imagery. Hence it is indicated that guided
imagery was effective.
KEYWORDS: Effectiveness, guided imagery, Burnout
syndrome, Staff Nurse.
The "burnout" is related to a situation
arising increasingly more often among the professionals performing their duties
by way of a long-term, direct, people-to-people relationship, which includes
all healthcare professionals. This study is aimed at determining the level of
the Burnout syndrome and effectiveness of guided imagery on burnout syndrome
the three components involved there in (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization,
and fail in personal achievement)
among the nursing staff.
Guided imagery uses the power of imagination to evoke
positive images to stimulate healing. It involves thinking in pictures to
contact a person’s inner reality. Thinking in pictures invokes all of the
senses: hearing, seeing, tasting, smelling and touching as well as sensing the
body’s position and movement and even emotions. This guided imagery exercises
are used for relaxation, where the exercises last seconds to minutes. It uses a
body mind connection which closely links to healing.
NEED FOR STUDY:
The term burnout
is becoming more and more commonly heard in the field of medical professional,
and I often see staff nurses in my practice that show many symptoms of burnout.
So what exactly is it? Burnout involves
a psychological, emotional, and sometimes physical withdrawal from the activity
in response to excessive stress or dissatisfaction. What’s most important to
know about burnout is that it’s very complex in how it develops both physically
and emotionally. However, burnout can be relatively easy to manage and avoid.
This we will look at some research and statistics, symptoms, and helpful coping
strategies for burnout.14 Personal and professional demands make
nurses highly stressed. Burnout is common in nursing profession as the result
of overwork, repetitive work and monotony in works, which may leads to physical
as well as the mental exhaustion in nursing profession. Studies showed, among
the world countries Asia has the highest incidence of staff burnout.
Consequences of burnout range from emotional isolation, less productivity in
work, relationship problems, substance abuse to suicide.18
Burnout was
recognized as an occupational risk for professions that involve health care,
education and human services; that is to say, it particularly affects
professionals in the area of services, or care-givers, when they are in direct
contact with the users. From this aspect, the work of nursing professionals is
pointed out. Burn out is a job-related condition involving the feelings of
emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced emotional accomplishment.
About 30 to 50 percent of work force is exposed to psychological overload
at work resulting in occupational stress and burnout. European member states
have reported burnout prevalence of 29 percent, and in US 75 percent of workers
admit that their jobs are stressful and pressure of work is steadily
increasing. In India the burnout prevalence is found to be 23 to 30 percent. It
affects persons involved in various professional and stressful activities
including the work in intensive care unit. 20
According to the Ministry of Social Security, in 2007,
4.2 million persons were laid off work, and of these, 3,852 were diagnosed with
Burnout Syndrome.22 We found that majority of the nursing staff at
our hospital were in a state of burnout with high frequency of EE and DP. Only
a quarter of the surveyed staff felt that they had some level of PA. Age and
working away from their home countries were the important predictors in the
development of BS in nurses. We believe that working conditions have to be
improved to develop strategies to cope and alleviate stressful situations.23 The reported cases here, we used
survey data collected from 53,846 nurses in six countries—the U.S., Canada,
U.K., Germany, New Zealand, and Japan—to investigate the association between
nurse burnout and nurse-rated quality of care. The instruments and
questionnaires in each of these surveys included measures of many variables
hypothesized to be involved in the relationship between burnout and perceptions
of quality of care.24
STATEMENT OF THE STUDY:
“Effectiveness of guided imagery on burnout
syndrome among staff nurses working in Dhiraj General Hospital at Piparia,
Vadodara”
OBJECTIVE:
1)
To
determine the level of burnout syndrome among staff nurses in dhiraj general hospital.
2)
To
assess the effectiveness of guided imagery on burnout syndrome among staff
nurses in dhiraj general hospital.
3)
To
find out association between the level of burnout score with the selected
demographic variables.
HYPOTHESIS:
* H1:- The mean burnout post-test score will be
significantly lower than the mean pre-test burnout score among the sample.
*
H2:- There will be a significant association between
pretest levels of burnout score with selected demographic variables.
ASSUMPTIONS
1. Nurses may prone to get burnout syndrome.
2. Guided imagery may reduce the burnout
syndrome.
3. Guided imagery has no adverse effect on the
staff nurses.
OPERATIONAL
DEFINITIONS EFFECTIVENESS:
In this study, effectiveness refers to the extent to
which practicing guided imagery has achieved the results as expressed in the
posttest in terms of reduction burnout syndrome of staff nurses working in dhiraj general hospital. It means the extent to which an
action produces an intended outcome.
GUIDED IMAGERY:-
It is the purposeful use of imagination to achieve
relaxation or, direct attention away from undesirable sensations. In this study
therapist makes the staff nurses to relax in a comfortable position and
environment and guides the staff nurses through a sequence of pleasant
situations for a particular time. When the staff nurses imagine the pleasant
situations, it might bring changes in the burnout level after repetitive use.
BURNOUT SYNDROME:-
Burnout is a psychological term that refers to
long-term exhaustion and diminished interest in work. Burnout has been assumed
to result from chronic occupational stress. Burnout refers to feeling of physical
exhaustion and lack of emotional
strength to invest in work, which leads to emotional isolation and less
productivity at work place. In this study burnout refers to level of psychological
and physical fatigue, quantity and
quality of the burden at work ,level of motivation, role conflicts
,level of responsibility for patient and other staff members and level of
social and professional support of the staff nurses and will be measured by maslach burnout inventory.
STAFF NURSES:-
The nurses who are registered and qualified with ANM,
Diploma and B.sc nurse who are working in the dhiraj
general hospital at piparia, Vadodara.
Conceptual
framework:
Modified conceptual framework
based on Roy’s adaptation theory.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
Methodology of research indicates the general pattern
of organizing the procedure for the empirical study together with the method of
obtaining valid and reliable data for problem under investigation. The
methodological decision paves crucial implications for validity and credibility
of the study findings. Methodology of research indicates the general pattern
for organizing the procedure for the empirical study together with the method
of obtaining valid and reliable data for an investigation.
RESEARCH
APPROACH:
A quantitative
research approach is adopted for the study.
RESEARCH
DESIGN:
The pre –experimental design chosen for the
study.
Systematic
representation of research design schematic representation of research design
is given below:
|
GROUP |
PRE-TEST |
INTERVENTION |
POST-TEST |
|
Staff nurse working in dhiraj
general hospital |
On level of burnout syndrome among staff nurse
working in dhiraj
general hospital |
Guided imagery |
On level of burnout syndrome among staff nurse
working in dhiraj
general hospital |
|
|
O1 |
X |
O2 |
Key:
O1:- (1) Demographic variables of staff
nurse working in dhiraj general hospital
(2) Administration maslach
burnout inventory to determine the pre-test level of burnout syndrome among
staff nurses in dhiraj general hospital.
X:- Administration Of Guided Imagery On Burnout
Syndrome Among Staff Nurses By Using Maslach Burnout
Inventory (MBI).
O2:-
Administration maslach
burnout inventory to determine the post-test level of burnout syndrome among
staff nurses in dhiraj general hospital.
RESEARCH
VARIABLES:
Ø INDEPENDENT
VARIABLES:
Guided imagery is the independent variable
in this study.
Ø DEPENDENT
VARIABLES:
In this study level of burnout syndrome is
the dependent variable.
EMOGRAPHIC
VARIABLE:
Age, sex, religion, professional, qualification,
marital status, family income clinical experience in years, job description,
area of wok, and previous exposure of any psychotherapy.
SETTING OF THE STUDY
The study will be conducted in the Dhiraj General Hospital at Piparia,
Waghodia, Vadodara.
TARGET
POPULATION:
In this study, the target population consisted of
staff nurses with burnout syndrome who are working in Dhiral
General Hospital Piparia, Vadodara.
SAMPLE
SIZE:
The sample for
the present study comprises of 60 staff nurses who fulfilled the sampling
criteria and expressed willingness to participate in the study.
SAMPLING
TECHNIQUE:
Non probability purposive sampling technique
CRITERIA
FOR THE SELECTION OF SUBJECT:
Ø Inclusion criteria:
- Staff nurses age group of 18-58 years.
- Staff nurses both male and female.
- Staff nurses who are willing participate in
the study.
Ø Exclusion criteria:
- Staff nurses who were using any supportive
therapy.
- Staff nurses who had sensory impairment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TOOL:
Section A:
Demographic data which includes Age, sex, religion,
professional qualification, marital status, family income, clinical experience
in years, job description, and area of work and previous exposure of any
psychotherapy.
Section
B:
Maslach burnout inventory scale consist of 21 statements to
measures the level of burnout syndrome had by sample. The response alternatives
were Never, a few times per year, once a month, a few times per month, once a
week, a few times per week and every day. These responses score as 0, 1, 2, 3,
4, 5 and 6 for each statement.
SCORING KEY
|
Dimension |
Low level |
Moderate level |
High level |
|
Emotional exhaustion |
17 or less |
18 and 29 inclusive |
over 30 |
|
Depersonalization |
5 or less |
6 and 11 inclusive |
12 and greater |
|
Personal achievement |
33 or less |
34 and 39 inclusive |
greater than 40 |
RESULT
Table 1: frequency and percentage
distribution of staff nurses based on their demographic variables. N=60
|
Sr. no |
Demographic variables |
Characteristics |
Frequency |
Percentage (%) |
|
1 |
Age in years |
18-28 years |
26 |
43.3 |
|
28-38 years |
25 |
41.7 |
||
|
38-48 years |
7 |
11.7 |
||
|
48 and above |
2 |
3.3 |
||
|
2 |
Gender |
Male |
13 |
21.7 |
|
Female |
47 |
78.3 |
||
|
3 |
Religion |
Hindu |
44 |
73.3 |
|
Christian |
7 |
11.7 |
||
|
Muslim |
9 |
15.0 |
||
|
Others |
0 |
00 |
||
|
4 |
Professional
Qualification |
ANM |
20 |
33.3 |
|
GNM |
26 |
43.3 |
||
|
B.SC NURSING |
14 |
23.3 |
||
|
M.S.NURSING |
0 |
00 |
||
|
5 |
Marital status |
Single |
18 |
30.0 |
|
Married |
40 |
66.7 |
||
|
Divorced |
2 |
3.3 |
||
|
Separated/widowed |
0 |
00 |
||
|
6 |
Monthly Income
(Rupees) |
5000-10000 |
0 |
00 |
|
10001-15000 |
24 |
40.0 |
||
|
15001-20000 |
24 |
40.0 |
||
|
20000 and above |
12 |
20.0 |
||
|
7 |
Clinical
experience in years |
0-5 years |
13 |
21.7 |
|
6-10 years |
35 |
58.3 |
||
|
11-15 years |
6 |
10.0 |
||
|
16 years and
above |
6 |
10.0 |
||
|
8 |
Job
Description |
Head nurse |
8 |
13.3 |
|
Staff nurse |
52 |
86.7 |
||
|
9 |
Area Of Work |
OT |
6 |
10.0 |
|
Labor room |
6 |
10.0 |
||
|
ICU |
8 |
13.3 |
||
|
ward |
40 |
66.7 |
||
|
10 |
Previous
exposure of psychotherapy |
Yes |
2 |
3.3 |
|
No |
58 |
96.7 |
THE DATA PRESENTED IN THE TABLE INDICATE RESULT AS FOLLOW.
Ø Age in years:
In the present study, age wise distribution revealed
that out of 60 staff nurses, 26 (43.3%) of the subject were in the age group of
18-28 years, 25 (41.7%) of them were in the age group of 28-38 years, 7 (11.7%)
of them were in the age group of 38-48 years and 02 (3.3%) of them were in the
age group of 48 years and above.
Ø Gender:
Gender wise
distribution of the subjects indicated that 13 (21.7%) were male and 47 (78.3%)
were females.
Ø Religion:
Religion
wise distribution of the subjects indicated that 44 (73.3%) were Hindus and 7
(11.7%) were Christians and 9 (15%) were Muslims and remaining are 00 (00%) were
others.
Ø Professional Qualification:
Professional qualification of the subject
that indicated majority 26 (43.3%) were GNM, 20 (33.3%) were ANM, 26 (43.3%)
were GNM, 14 (23.3%) were B.SC NURSING, and 00 (00%) were M.SC NURSING.
Ø Marital status:
In context to marital status of the subject
that indicated 18 (30.0%) were single 40 (66.7%) were married 2 (3.3%) were
divorced and 00 (00%) separated/widowed.
Ø Monthly Income (Rupees):
Considering the monthly income in rupees of
the subject that indicated, majority 24 (40%) of subjects had 15000-20000 as
their monthly income, 24 (40%) had 10001-15000 and 12 (20%) had 20000 and above
and 0 (00%) had 5000-10000 as monthly income.
Ø Clinical experience in years:
With regard to clinical experience 13
(21.7%) had 0-5 years of experience, while 35 (58.3%) of them had 6-10 years of
experience, 6 (10%) had 11-15 years of experience and 6 (10%) had above 16
years of experience. (figure.6)
Ø Job Description:
In relation to job description of the
subject that indicated, 8 (13.3%) were head nurse and 52 (86.7%) were staff
nurse.
Ø Area Of Work:
In relation to area of work of the subject
that indicated, 6 (10%) had OT area, 6 (10%) had labor room, 8 (13.3%) had ICU,
and majority of staff nurses 40 (66.7) had ward area.
Ø Previous exposure of psychotherapy:
In relation to previous exposure of
psychotherapy of the subject that indicated, majority of staff nurses 58
(96.7%) had no any Previous exposure of psychotherapy and 2 (3.3%) had exposure
of psychotherapy
Table 2: percentage distribution of dimension wise
score level of burnout syndrome among staff nurses. N= 60
|
Dimension |
Level of
Burnout |
PRE TSET |
POST TEST |
||
|
Frequency |
Percentage (%) |
Frequency |
Percentage (%) |
||
|
Emotional
exhaustion |
Low level burnout |
13 |
21.7 |
40 |
66.7 |
|
Moderate level
burnout |
35 |
58.3 |
20 |
33.3 |
|
|
High level
burnout |
12 |
20.0 |
00 |
00 |
|
|
Total |
60 |
100.0 |
6 |
100.0 |
|
|
Depersonalization |
Low level burnout |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1.7 |
|
Moderate level
burnout |
12 |
20.0 |
27 |
45.0 |
|
|
High level
burnout |
48 |
80.0 |
32 |
53.3 |
|
|
Total |
6 |
100 |
60 |
100.0 |
|
|
Personal
Achievement |
Low level burnout |
1 |
1.7 |
24 |
40.0 |
|
Moderate level
burnout |
31 |
51.7 |
29 |
48.3 |
|
|
High level
burnout |
28 |
46.7 |
7 |
11.7 |
|
|
Total |
60 |
100.0 |
60 |
100.0 |
|
The pre-test depicts emotional exhaustion that prior
to the administration of guided imagery majority of 35 (58.3%) staff nurses had
moderate level of burnout (score:18-29 inclusive) while 12 (20%) staff nurses had high level of burnout
(score: over 30) and 10 (21.7%) staff nurses had low level of burnout (score:
17 or less). while The post-test depicts the majority of 40 (66.7%) staff
nurses had low level of burnout (score: 17 or less) while 20 (33.3%) staff nurses had moderate level of burnout
(score:18-29 inclusive) and 00 (00%)
staff nurses had high level of burnout (score: over 30) in particular study. The
pre-test depicts depersonalization that prior to the administration of guided
imagery majority of 48 (80%) staff nurses had high level of burnout (score: 12
and greater than) while 12 (20%) staff nurses had moderate level of burnout
(score: 6-11 inclusive) and 00 (00%) staff nurses had low level of burnout
(score: 5 or less). While the post-test depicts the majority of 32 (53.3%)
staff nurses had high level of burnout (score: 12 and greater than) while 27
(53%) staff nurses had moderate level of burnout (score: 6-11 inclusive) and 01
(1.7%) staff nurses had low level of burnout (score: 5 or less) in particular
study. The pre-test depicts personal achievement that prior to the
administration of guided imagery majority of 31 (51.1%) staff nurses had high
level of burnout (score: 33 or less)
while 28 (46.7%) staff nurses had moderate level of burnout (score:34-39
inclusive) and 1 (1.7%) staff nurses had
low level of burnout (score: 40 and greater than). while the post-test depicts
the majority of 29 (48.3%) staff nurses had moderate level of burnout
(score:34-39 inclusive) 24 (40%) staff
nurses had low level of burnout (score: 40 and greater than) and 07 (11.7%)
staff nurses had high level of burnout (score: 33 or less) in particular study.
Table 3: Significance of
the difference between pre and post-test knowledge score N=60
|
Pre-test score |
Mean (%) |
Post-test score |
Mean (%) |
Mean difference |
Paired 't' value |
|||
|
Mean |
SD |
Mean |
SD |
|||||
|
77.88 |
15.15 |
61.80 |
66.30 |
9.09 |
52.61 |
11.58 |
9.97 |
|
*Significant; DF = 59; table value = 3.4632 (at
p<0.001 level)
Table 3 represents that mean pre-test and mean
post-test level of burnout score with
Maximum possible score, Standard Deviation, Mean difference and paired ‘t’
value. Level of burnout score is with the maximum possible score of 126. Mean
pre-test is 77.88, SD is 15.15 and the mean score percentage is 61.80%. Mean
post-test is 66.30, SD is 9.09 and the mean score percentage is 52.61% and
comparison between pre and post-test level of burnout score among staff nurses
shows paired ‘t’ value as 9.97.
MEAN, STANDARD
DEVIATION, MEAN DIFFERENCE AND PAIRED ‘T’ VALUE OF PRE- TEST AND POST TEST
BURNOUT SCORES.
Table 4: comparison of mean, sd, and
mean% of pre-test and post-test dimension wise level burnout score among staff
nurses N = 60
|
Dimension |
No. of Statement |
Max Score |
Burnout Scores |
Paired ‘t’ test |
||||||||
|
Pre-test (x) |
Post-test (y) |
Effectiveness (x-y) |
||||||||||
|
Mean |
SD |
Mean % |
Mean |
SD |
Mean % |
Mean |
SD |
Mean % |
||||
|
Emotional
exhaustion |
6 |
36 |
24.85 |
5.51 |
69.02% |
15.93 |
4.75 |
44.25% |
8.92 |
0.76 |
24.77% |
15.480* |
|
Depersonalization |
7 |
42 |
20.61 |
8.69 |
49.07% |
12.25 |
6.13 |
29.16% |
8.36 |
2.56 |
19.90% |
10.157* |
|
Personal Achievement |
8 |
48 |
31.96 |
3.78 |
66.58% |
38.11 |
3.80 |
79.39% |
6.15 |
0.02 |
21.81% |
8.669* |
|
TOTAL |
21 |
126 |
77.42 |
17.98 |
61.44% |
66.29 |
14.68 |
52.61% |
23.43 |
3.34 |
18.59 |
34.306 |
Table 4: reveals that comprising of dimension wise level of burnout score among
staff nurses mainly three dimensions as mention below.
Emotional exhaustion:
Per test table shows the maximum 36 score had a mean
of 24.85 with a standard deviation of 5.51 and mean% of 69.02%. While post-test
table shows mean of 15.93 with a standard deviation of 4.75 and mean% of
44.25%. And effectiveness shows mean of 8.92 with a standard deviation of 0.76
and mean% of 24.77%.
Depersonalization:
Per test table shows the maximum 42 score had a mean
of 20.61 with a standard deviation of 8.69 and mean% of 49.07%. While post-test
table shows mean of 12.25 with a standard deviation of 6.13 and mean% of 29.16.
And effectiveness shows mean of 8.36 with a standard deviation of 2.56 and
mean% of 19.90%.
Personal Achievement:
Per test table shows the maximum 48 score had a mean
of 31.96 with a standard deviation of 3.78 and mean% of 66.58%. While post-test
table shows mean of 38.11 with a standard deviation of 3.80 and mean% of 79.39.
And effectiveness shows mean of 6.15 with a standard deviation of 0.02 and
mean% of 21.81%.
Column diagram representing the dimension wise mean%.
Table 5: associations of pre test
burnout score among staff nurses with selected demographic variables N = 60
|
Sr.No |
Demographic
variables |
Pre-test |
Total |
Chi square(X2) |
df |
Association |
|||
|
Scores which
falls at Median and Above |
Scores which
falls below the Median |
calculated
value |
Table
value at p < 0.05 level |
||||||
|
1 |
Age in years |
18-28 years |
10 |
16 |
26 |
11.69 |
7.82 |
3 |
S |
|
28-38 years |
17 |
8 |
25 |
||||||
|
38-48 years |
7 |
0 |
7 |
||||||
|
48 and above |
2 |
0 |
2 |
||||||
|
2 |
Gender |
Male |
12 |
1 |
13 |
7.21 |
3.84 |
1 |
S |
|
Female |
24 |
23 |
47 |
||||||
|
3 |
Religion |
Hindu |
24 |
20 |
44 |
5.28 |
5.99 |
2 |
NS |
|
Muslim |
7 |
0 |
7 |
||||||
|
Christian |
5 |
4 |
9 |
||||||
|
4 |
Professional Qualification |
ANM |
7 |
13 |
20 |
15.69 |
5.99 |
2 |
S |
|
GNM |
23 |
3 |
26 |
||||||
|
B.SC NURSING |
6 |
8 |
14 |
||||||
|
5 |
Marital Status |
Single |
2 |
16 |
18 |
25.92 |
5.99 |
2 |
S |
|
Married |
32 |
8 |
40 |
||||||
|
Divorced |
2 |
0 |
2 |
||||||
|
6 |
Monthly Income (Rupees) |
10001-15000 |
4 |
20 |
24 |
32.22 |
5.99 |
2 |
S |
|
15001-20000 |
20 |
4 |
24 |
||||||
|
20000 and above |
12 |
0 |
12 |
||||||
|
7 |
Clinical Experience in years |
0-5 years |
9 |
4 |
13 |
12.74 |
7.82 |
3 |
S |
|
6-10 years |
15 |
20 |
35 |
||||||
|
11-15 years |
6 |
0 |
6 |
||||||
|
16 years and above |
6 |
0 |
6 |
||||||
|
8 |
Job description |
Head nurse |
8 |
0 |
8 |
6.15 |
3.84 |
1 |
S |
|
Staff nurse |
28 |
24 |
52 |
||||||
|
9 |
Area Of Work |
OT |
6 |
0 |
6 |
15.79 |
7.82 |
3 |
S |
|
Labour room |
5 |
1 |
6 |
||||||
|
ICU |
8 |
0 |
8 |
||||||
|
head nurse |
17 |
23 |
40 |
||||||
|
10 |
Previous exposure of psychotherapy |
Yes |
2 |
0 |
2 |
1.37 |
3.84 |
1 |
NS |
|
No |
34 |
24 |
58 |
||||||
The table
reveals that there is significant association between pre- test burnout score
and selected demographic variables such as age, sex, professional
qualification, marital status, family income, clinical experience in years, job
description, and area of work evidenced that there was statistically
significant association at P < 0.05 level of except significant religion and
previous exposure of psychotherapy there is no significant association between
pre- test burnout score. Hence we concluded H2 stated that there
will be significant association between the pre-test burnout score with
selected demographic variables was accepted.
DISCSSION AND CONCLUSION:
This chapter
includes conclusion, implication, limitations and recommendations. The
following conclusions were drawn from the finding of the present study. The
research approach adopted in the present study is quantitative research
approach to measure the effectiveness of guided imagery on burnout syndrome
among staff nurses. Effectiveness was assessed by The ‘t’ test was computed between
pre-test and post-test score indicate that the mean post-test burnout score is
significantly lower than the mean pre-test burnout score among staff nurses
exposed to guided imagery. Hence it is indicated that guided imagery was
effective.
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Received on 03.05.2016 Modified on 21.05.2016
Accepted on 29.06.2016 © A&V
Publications all right reserved
Int. J. Nur. Edu.
and Research. 2016; 4(4): 413-420.
DOI: 10.5958/2454-2660.2016.00075.2